Composition

Draw Attention to the Subject 

http://fliptroniks.com/best-iphone-photography-apps-fliptroniks-com/
This photo is a good example of drawing attention to the subject because they blurred out the background behind the bike. They also used the neon color of the bike to their advantage.


Always Keep the Eyes Above the Center of the Photo

http://ginva.com/2012/03/99-beautiful-female-portrait-photography-examples-that-will-inspire-you/
This one has to do with the rule of thirds. Keeping the eyes above the center wont draw the viewer straight to the eyes and they'll actually look around the photo.

Brightest Part of the Photo

http://www.picturecorrect.com/tips/common-mistakes-in-wildlife-and-nature-photography/
The eyes will go to the brightest part of the photo first. Anything other than the subject of the photo being the brightest part of the photo will distract the viewer.
The Rule of Thirds

http://takeandtalkpics.com/fundamental-fridays-rule-of-thirds/
The viewers eyes are drawn to the center of the photo first and if they see that it isn't the busiest part of the photo or that it has nothing then they'll be forced to look at the whole photo. Putting your subject on one of the lines is the best thing to do while taking a photo.

The Rule of Odds

http://www.photokonnexion.com/the-rule-of-odds-uneven-composition/
The human eye feels better about a photo when it does not have an even number of subjects. The human eye is drawn to the center of the group and if there's nothing there then they'll just be staring at an empty space.

Patterns

http://scsurfbutler.com/2013/05/12/weekly-photo-challenge-pattern/
Patterns tend to be visually compelling because of harmony and rhythm. Pattern is even more compelling when you break the rhythm and then you continue the rhythm after.

Leaving Space

http://digital-photography-school.com/leaving-space-behind-moving-subjects-composition/
This rule has two ideas to it, breathing room and implied space. If your subject seems to be looking off into the distance then putting so empty space for it to look into. It makes the picture more comfortable.

Simplification

http://blog.wisdomtap.com/2010/05/rules-of-thumb-for-composition-of.html
To simply a photo is to get rid of distracting elements of the photo. Any distracting elements in the photo will cause the viewer to look away from the subject.

Symmetry 

https://sites.google.com/site/photographycompositionrules/rule-of-thirds/symmetry-and-patterns
Symmetrical designs are a great excuse to break the rule of thirds, because you want one side of the photo to look the exact same as the opposite side. Look for symmetrical images with strong lines, curves and patterns.
Viewpoint 

http://www.resimsi.com/cool-road-photography-background-wide-20548.html
Different viewpoints change the mood of the photo drastically, depending on which level you shot it you'll look like you're looking through something or someone's else's eyes.  Perspective can also change the viewer's perception of the size, so a different viewpoint can make your subject look larger or smaller, which could lead to a better photo.

Influential Photos

Elizabeth Eckford and Hazel Massery, Will Counts, 1957

This is a photo of Elizabeth Eckford and Hazel Massery. Elizabeth was one of the first black students admitted to Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. Hazel is shown shouting at Hazel, with many other disgusted classmates, just because she is the only black kid. Now, apparently, Hazel has deep regret for her actions. Who knows, she might just have been bullied into feeling this way. This photo was taken in 1957, it shows how unfair our white grandparents and parents were to black people in their time, and some still are to this day. Some white people of OUR generation are still unfair to black people to this day. Current events sort of show how stuck people are in their mentality that their race is the greatest and that no one else’s existence matter. But that isn’t fair; our world should be a world of equal opportunity, not unfairness.

Hurricane Katrina aftermath, 2005

What happened to the city of New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina was absolutely tragic, New Orleans was ruined. This photo is of an abandoned home during the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, it shows how they suffered through one of the biggest natural disasters in American history. Plenty of people had lost their homes and they had nothing to go to after the hurricane. After Katrina the homeless population in New Orleans doubled. I feel as though if the rest of the United States actually tried to help more, then New Orleans would have had such a smoother and quicker recovery. But now that the city worked hard to recover they also grew together and the tourist rate in New Orleans is back to 80 percent of what it was back before Katrina hit. The whole Hurricane Katrina thing sort of boggles my mind because it seems as if the US government didn’t help New Orleans to recover at all. I don’t remember hearing about Katrina besides maybe when it first happened, back when I was 7, but it has taken them up until now to reach full recovery. It’s not fair that people weren’t talking about this and helping them out, I bet the recovery time would have been even faster if New Orleans didn’t have to rely on itself in such a dismal time.

Birmingham Beatings, Charles Moore, 1963

The black protestors in Birmingham, Alabama faced near-constant torment during the fight for equality. White people clearly didn’t want equality from the start, because they knew this movement would win, so they fought back with violence. Their goal was to scare the protestors from protestor, but of course they beyond brave for fighting through all of that for the equality of their children and themselves. While the constant violent acts that the whites performed on the blacks may have stalled the movement, it did not stop the movement and of course the good guys always wins, so black people won their equality. While typing this out and while thinking about this photo, and its description, I realized how truly brave the black people who fought for their equal rights were and exactly how cowardly white people have been over the centuries. I’m impressed.

Camera Exposure

• The lighting of an image, how dark or light it it, depends on how much exposure the photograph had experienced. 
• The exposure of an imagine is determined by the exposure triangle, aperture, ISO and shutter speed.
•  Aperture controls the area over which light can enter your camera, shutter speed controls the duration of the exposure and ISO speed controls the sensitivity of your camera's sensor to a given amount of light.
•  Using many combinations of the three settings can achieve the same exposure, the key is to know which trade-offs to make. You need to know that aperture affects the depth of field, shutter speed  affects the motion of the blur and ISO speed affects image noise.
•  The shutter speeds specifically refers to how long this light is permitted to enter the camera, a faster shutter mean a shorter exposure time.
•  A camera's aperture setting controls the area over which light can pass through your camera lens.
• An f-stop value can be counter-intuitive because the opening increases as the f-stop value decreases.
• A camera's aperture setting is what determines a photo's depth of field
• ISO speed determines how sensitive the camera is to incoming light
• Unlike aperture and shutter speed, the lower ISO speed is usually always desirable
• In Auto Exposure the Camera automatically selects all exposure settings.
• In Program the camera automatically selects aperture & shutter speed; you can choose a corresponding ISO speed & exposure compensation. 
• In Aperture Priority you specify the aperture & ISO; the camera's metering determines the corresponding shutter speed.
• In Shutter priority you specify the shutter speed & ISO; the camera's metering determines the corresponding aperture.
• In Manual you specify the aperture, ISO and shutter speed — regardless of whether these values lead to a correct exposure.
• Bulb is useful for exposures longer than 30 seconds.
• In Portrait the Camera tries to pick the lowest f-stop value possible for a given exposure.
• In Landscape the Camera tries to pick a high f-stop to ensure a large depth of field. 
• In Sports/Action the Camera tries to achieve as fast a shutter speed as possible for a given exposure
• In Night/Low-light the Camera permits shutter speeds which are longer than ordinarily allowed for hand-held shots

Photography

Photography is a wonderful way to experience all of the things that go on around us. It can get to a point where it even connects us to the natural world, it enhances the beauty of the situation. Each photograph tells a sort of story that, if the photographer is skilled enough, has been set up to tell the story by the person taking the photo. Taking magnificent pictures, that tell beautiful stories every single time, may not be for everyone. Every has a good one or two photos in them that will "wow" the rest of the world. To be professional photographer it takes skill, that they have probably spent months or years refining. Either way, a good photo will make us feel like we were there and we will feel all the emotions that they are trying to convey onto us.